Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. However, resistance to acyclovir can occur, leading to treatment failure and the need for alternative therapies.

The consequences of acyclovir resistance can be significant, particularly for immunocompromised patients. According to a study published in the Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy [3], patients with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, are more likely to develop acyclovir resistance. In these patients, acyclovir-resistant HSV infections can lead to prolonged illness, increased morbidity, and even mortality.

In addition to immunocompromised patients, acyclovir resistance can also occur in immunocompetent patients. A study published in the Journal of Medical Virology [2] found that acyclovir-resistant HSV infections were more common in patients with recurrent infections, those who had received prolonged acyclovir treatment, and those with high viral loads.

The consequences of acyclovir resistance can also have economic implications. A report by DrugPatentWatch [1] suggests that the availability of generic acyclovir has made it a cost-effective treatment option for HSV infections. However, the emergence of acyclovir resistance may require the use of more expensive alternative therapies, leading to increased healthcare costs.

In conclusion, acyclovir resistance can have significant consequences for patients, particularly those with compromised immune systems. It can lead to prolonged illness, increased morbidity, and even mortality. In addition, the emergence of acyclovir resistance may require the use of more expensive alternative therapies, leading to increased healthcare costs.

Sources:
[1] https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/p/tradename/ACYCLOVIR
[2] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26917345/
[3] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2871161/