See the DrugPatentWatch profile for tigecycline
Tigecycline Dosage Guidelines: A Comprehensive Overview
Tigecycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. It belongs to the glycylcycline class of antibiotics and works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. In this article, we will delve into the tigecycline dosage guidelines, its mechanism of action, and potential side effects.
What is Tigecycline?
Tigecycline is a semi-synthetic derivative of minocycline, a tetracycline antibiotic. It was approved by the FDA in 2005 for the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI) and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP).
Mechanism of Action
Tigecycline binds to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, preventing the attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosomal acceptor site. This action inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria, ultimately leading to cell death.
Tigecycline Dosage Guidelines
The recommended dosage of tigecycline varies depending on the infection being treated and the patient's renal function.
* Complicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections (cSSSI): The recommended dosage is 100 mg administered intravenously over 30 minutes, followed by 50 mg every 12 hours for 5 to 14 days.
* Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia (CABP): The recommended dosage is 100 mg administered intravenously over 30 minutes, followed by 50 mg every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days.
* Abdominal Infections: The recommended dosage is 100 mg administered intravenously over 30 minutes, followed by 50 mg every 12 hours for 5 to 14 days.
Renal Dose Adjustment
Tigecycline is primarily excreted by the kidneys. Patients with renal impairment may require dose adjustment to prevent accumulation of the drug.
* Mild Renal Impairment (CrCl 50-80 mL/min): No dose adjustment is required.
* Moderate Renal Impairment (CrCl 30-49 mL/min): Reduce the dose to 37.5 mg every 12 hours.
* Severe Renal Impairment (CrCl 10-29 mL/min): Reduce the dose to 25 mg every 12 hours.
Contraindications and Precautions
Tigecycline is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to tigecycline or any of its components. It is also contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment or those receiving concomitant treatment with warfarin.
Potential Side Effects
Common side effects of tigecycline include:
* Nausea and Vomiting: 23.6% of patients experienced nausea and vomiting in clinical trials.
* Abdominal Pain: 14.1% of patients experienced abdominal pain in clinical trials.
* Diarrhea: 12.1% of patients experienced diarrhea in clinical trials.
Interactions with Other Medications
Tigecycline may interact with other medications, including:
* Warfarin: Concomitant use of tigecycline and warfarin may increase the risk of bleeding.
* Digoxin: Concomitant use of tigecycline and digoxin may increase the risk of digoxin toxicity.
Conclusion
Tigecycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. The recommended dosage of tigecycline varies depending on the infection being treated and the patient's renal function. Patients with renal impairment may require dose adjustment to prevent accumulation of the drug. Common side effects of tigecycline include nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
Key Takeaways
* Tigecycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI) and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP).
* The recommended dosage of tigecycline varies depending on the infection being treated and the patient's renal function.
* Patients with renal impairment may require dose adjustment to prevent accumulation of the drug.
* Common side effects of tigecycline include nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the recommended dosage of tigecycline for complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI)?
The recommended dosage is 100 mg administered intravenously over 30 minutes, followed by 50 mg every 12 hours for 5 to 14 days.
2. What is the recommended dosage of tigecycline for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP)?
The recommended dosage is 100 mg administered intravenously over 30 minutes, followed by 50 mg every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days.
3. How does tigecycline interact with other medications?
Tigecycline may interact with other medications, including warfarin and digoxin.
4. What are the common side effects of tigecycline?
Common side effects of tigecycline include nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
5. Can tigecycline be used in patients with severe renal impairment?
No, tigecycline is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment.
Sources
1. DrugPatentWatch.com: Tigecycline (Tygacil) - Dosage and Administration.
2. FDA.gov: Tigecycline (Tygacil) - Prescribing Information.
3. MedlinePlus.gov: Tigecycline - Side Effects.
4. NCBI.nlm.nih.gov: Tigecycline - Mechanism of Action.
5. PDR.net: Tigecycline - Dosage and Administration.
Note: The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice.