Alcohol consumption can have a significant impact on several nutrients in the body. Here are the key nutrients that are most affected:

1. Vitamin B1 (Thiamin): Alcohol interferes with the absorption of thiamin in the gut, leading to a deficiency of this vitamin. Thiamin is essential for brain function, and a deficiency can cause serious neurological problems, such as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
2. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine): Alcohol can also interfere with the absorption of pyridoxine, leading to a deficiency. Pyridoxine is important for the metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, and a deficiency can cause anemia, nerve damage, and seizures.
3. Vitamin B9 (Folate): Alcohol can inhibit the absorption of folate in the gut, leading to a deficiency. Folate is essential for the production of DNA and red blood cells, and a deficiency can cause anemia and birth defects.
4. Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin): Alcohol can interfere with the absorption of vitamin B12 in the gut, leading to a deficiency. Vitamin B12 is important for the production of red blood cells and the maintenance of the nervous system, and a deficiency can cause anemia, nerve damage, and cognitive impairment.
5. Vitamin C: Alcohol can increase the excretion of vitamin C in the urine, leading to a deficiency. Vitamin C is important for the immune system, wound healing, and the production of collagen, and a deficiency can cause scurvy.
6. Magnesium: Alcohol can increase the excretion of magnesium in the urine, leading to a deficiency. Magnesium is important for muscle and nerve function, and a deficiency can cause muscle cramps, tremors, and heart rhythm abnormalities.
7. Calcium: Alcohol can interfere with the absorption of calcium in the gut, leading to a deficiency. Calcium is important for bone health, and a deficiency can cause osteoporosis.

In summary, alcohol consumption can significantly impact several nutrients in the body, including vitamins B1, B6, B9, B12, C, magnesium, and calcium. It is important to maintain a balanced diet and limit alcohol consumption to prevent nutrient deficiencies.

Sources:

1. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2021). Alcohol's Effects on the Body. <https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/alcohols-effects-body>.
2. DrugPatentWatch.com. (2021). Alcohol and Nutrient Deficiencies. <https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/alcohol-and-nutrient-deficiencies/>.
3. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. (2021). Alcohol: Balancing Risks and Benefits. <https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/alcohol-full-story/>.