Yes, long-term alcohol use can cause brain damage. Alcohol is a neurotoxic substance, meaning it can be harmful to nerve cells, including brain cells [1]. When alcohol is consumed, it can cause changes in the brain's chemistry and structure, leading to both short-term and long-term effects on cognition, behavior, and mental health [1][2].

Long-term alcohol use can result in a range of brain damage, from mild to severe. Milder forms of brain damage can include memory loss, difficulty learning new information, and problems with decision-making and problem-solving [1]. More severe forms of brain damage can include Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, a condition characterized by confusion, amnesia, and problems with muscle coordination [1].

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is caused by a deficiency in thiamine (vitamin B1), which is often seen in people who consume large amounts of alcohol over an extended period [1]. Long-term alcohol use can also lead to other forms of brain damage, such as alcoholic dementia and cerebellar degeneration [1].

It's important to note that the risk of brain damage from alcohol use depends on several factors, including the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption, age, genetics, and overall health [1]. Additionally, it's worth noting that even moderate alcohol consumption can have negative effects on the brain, such as impaired memory and attention [1].

In summary, long-term alcohol use can cause brain damage, leading to a range of cognitive, behavioral, and mental health problems. The risk of brain damage from alcohol use depends on several factors, and even moderate alcohol consumption can have negative effects on the brain.

Sources:

1. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2021). Alcohol's Damaging Effects on the Brain. <https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohols-effects-health/alcohols-effects-body/alcohols-damaging-effects-brain>.
2. DrugPatentWatch.com. (2021). Alcoholism. <https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/disease/alcoholism>.