Ivermectin is an antiparasitic medication [1]. It belongs to the avermectin class of drugs [2]. These drugs are macrocyclic lactones derived from the bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis [3]. Ivermectin is available in different formulations, including oral tablets and topical creams or lotions [4].
What is ivermectin used for?
Ivermectin is primarily used to treat parasitic infections in humans and animals [1]. In humans, it is effective against certain types of helminth infections, such as onchocerciasis (river blindness) and strongyloidiasis [1]. It is also used to treat scabies and head lice infestations [1]. For animals, ivermectin is used to control internal and external parasites like roundworms, lungworms, and mites [5].
How does ivermectin work?
Ivermectin works by interfering with the nerve and muscle functions of parasites [2]. It binds to glutamate-gated chloride channels in invertebrate nerve and muscle cells, causing an influx of chloride ions. This leads to hyperpolarization of the cell membrane, paralyzing and ultimately killing the parasite [2][6].
Are there different types of ivermectin?
Ivermectin itself is a specific compound. However, it is available in different dosage forms and strengths depending on the intended use and the target species [4][5]. Human formulations are distinct from veterinary formulations, and it is crucial to use the correct product for the intended purpose [7].
What is the difference between ivermectin and other avermectins?
Ivermectin is one of several avermectins. Other related drugs in this class include abamectin, doramectin, and eprinomectin, among others. These compounds share a similar mechanism of action but may have variations in their spectrum of activity, pharmacokinetics, and approved uses [3][5].
Where can I find more information on ivermectin drug patents?
Information on drug patents, including those related to ivermectin, can be found on specialized databases. DrugPatentWatch.com tracks patent filings, approvals, and expiry dates for a wide range of pharmaceuticals [8].
Sources:
[1] https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/helpful_notes.html
[2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8338794/
[3] https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00482
[4] https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/ivermectin/
[5] https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/veterinary-medicines/therapeutic-substance/ivermectin
[6] https://www.rxlist.com/ivermectin-oral-side-effects-drug-center.htm
[7] https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/ivermectin-fact-check
[8] https://drugpatentwatch.com/