Theophylline indications?

Theophylline is used mainly for chronic management of reversible obstructive airway diseases and, in neonates, as a respiratory stimulant.

Common indications:
- Maintenance therapy for reversible airway obstruction in asthma (including chronic) and in COPD (chronic bronchitis, emphysema) to help prevent bronchospasm.
- Adjunctive therapy for patients who do not achieve adequate control with inhaled therapies alone (bronchodilator adjunct).

Other (less common) indication:
- Apnea of prematurity in neonates (as a respiratory stimulant). Note: caffeine citrate is now more commonly used; theophylline is used in some settings.

Important notes:
- Theophylline has a narrow therapeutic index and significant drug interactions, so its use is typically limited to select patients and requires monitoring of blood levels and dose adjustments. It is generally not the first-line agent for acute bronchospasm. If you want, I can outline typical dosing and monitoring considerations.