Enzalutamide, known by the brand name Xtandi, is an oral nonsteroidal antiandrogen medication [1]. It is used in the treatment of prostate cancer [1].
How does Xtandi work?
Xtandi works by blocking the activity of androgens, such as testosterone, which fuel prostate cancer cell growth [1]. It inhibits multiple steps in the androgen receptor signaling pathway [1].
What types of prostate cancer is Xtandi approved for?
Xtandi is approved for several indications of prostate cancer:
* Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) [1].
* Non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) [1].
* Metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) [1].
When does Xtandi's patent expire?
The patent landscape for Xtandi is complex, involving multiple patents covering the drug substance, its synthesis, and its uses [2]. According to DrugPatentWatch.com, the earliest expected patent expiry date for Xtandi is in 2026, with later patents extending to 2030 and beyond [2]. These dates can be subject to extensions and legal challenges [2].
What are the potential risks and side effects of Xtandi?
Common side effects of Xtandi include fatigue, hot flashes, diarrhea, rash, decreased appetite, and nausea [1]. More serious side effects can involve seizures, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), and falls [1]. Patients taking Xtandi should discuss potential risks with their healthcare provider [1].
Are there alternative treatments for prostate cancer?
Yes, various treatment options exist for prostate cancer, depending on the stage and characteristics of the disease. These may include other androgen deprivation therapies, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgery, and immunotherapy [3]. The choice of treatment is individualized based on patient factors and disease progression [3].