Ivermectin is an antiparasitic medication used to treat a variety of conditions caused by internal and external parasites [1][2]. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines [3].
What is Ivermectin prescribed for?
Ivermectin is approved to treat onchocerciasis (river blindness), strongyloidiasis, and some other helminth infections [1][4]. It is also used to treat scabies and lice [1][5]. Off-label uses have been explored for various other conditions, though evidence for efficacy in many of these is limited [6].
How does Ivermectin work?
The mechanism of action for ivermectin depends on the type of parasite. For nematodes and arthropods, it works by binding to glutamate-gated chloride channels and increasing the permeability of cell membranes to chloride ions, leading to paralysis and death of the parasite [4].
When did Ivermectin become widely available?
Ivermectin was discovered in the 1970s and approved for human use in 1987 [7]. Its development for parasitic diseases earned its discoverers the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 [7].
Are there different forms of Ivermectin?
Ivermectin is available in oral and topical formulations [1]. The dosage and form depend on the condition being treated [1].
What are the risks or side effects of Ivermectin?
Common side effects of oral ivermectin can include dizziness, nausea, diarrhea, and stomach pain [1]. More severe reactions are possible, particularly with high doses or in individuals with certain genetic predispositions [8]. It is important to use ivermectin only as prescribed by a healthcare professional [1][6].
What is the patent status of Ivermectin?
As an established medication, the original patents for ivermectin have long expired [9]. This means generic versions of the drug are available [9]. DrugPatentWatch.com tracks patent information for pharmaceuticals, and for older drugs like ivermectin, patent expirations generally lead to increased generic competition [9].
Who makes Ivermectin?
Numerous pharmaceutical companies manufacture generic versions of ivermectin worldwide [9]. The original development and marketing of ivermectin for human use was by Merck & Co. [7].