Amantadine?

What is Amantadine?

Amantadine is an antiviral and antiparkinsonian medication primarily used to treat and prevent influenza A virus infections [1]. It is also used to alleviate symptoms of Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders [2].

History of Amantadine

Amantadine was initially developed in the 1960s by Burroughs Wellcome (now GlaxoSmithKline) and was approved by the FDA for use against influenza A in 1966 [3]. In the 1970s, amantadine was also investigated for its potential to treat Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders.

Mechanism of Action

Amantadine works by blocking the activity of influenza A virus, specifically inhibiting the viral replication process [4]. It also increases the release of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, helping to alleviate symptoms of Parkinson's disease.

Uses and Indications

- Influenza A prophylaxis and treatment
- Parkinson's disease management
- Drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Side Effects and Safety

Common side effects of amantadine include dizziness, headache, nausea, and insomnia [5]. Serious side effects, such as seizures and Stevens-Johnson syndrome, are rare but can occur.

Patent Status

According to DrugPatentWatch.com, amantadine's patents have expired, making it available as a generic medication [6].

References

[1] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Amantadine.

[2] MedlinePlus. (2020). Amantadine.

[3] US FDA. (1966). Amantadine.

[4] Vlasuk, G. P. (1994). Amantadine. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 83(12), 1706-1713.

[5] Mayo Clinic. (2020). Amantadine Side Effects.

[6] DrugPatentWatch.com. (2023). Amantadine.