What Nayzilam Treats
Nayzilam (midazolam nasal spray) treats seizure clusters in people 12 years and older. It's a rescue medication for prolonged or repeated seizures that don't stop on their own, delivering benzodiazepine through the nose for quick absorption.[1]
How Nayzilam Works During a Seizure
It enhances GABA activity in the brain to calm overactive nerves, stopping seizure activity within minutes. Users or caregivers spray it into one nostril; a second dose can follow after 10 minutes if needed, up to two doses per cluster.[1]
Who Can Use Nayzilam
Approved for adolescents and adults with epilepsy experiencing acute seizure episodes. It's not for everyday seizure prevention or status epilepticus requiring IV treatment. Patients need training on self-administration or caregiver use.[1]
Common Side Effects and Risks
Side effects include sleepiness, headache, runny nose, and nasal discomfort. Serious risks are respiratory depression, especially if combined with opioids or alcohol, and nasal irritation with repeated use. Overuse can lead to tolerance or dependence.[1]
How Nayzilam Compares to Other Rescue Options
Unlike rectal Diastat (diazepam gel), Nayzilam is nasal and faster-acting for on-the-go use. It's similar to intranasal Valtoco (diazepam) but uses midazolam, which some studies show acts quicker in cluster seizures. No generic available yet.[1][2]
Cost and Access
A single-dose Nayzilam kit costs $800-$1,000 without insurance; patient assistance programs lower it for eligible users. Prescribed via specialty pharmacies with auto-injector training.[1]
[1]: Nayzilam Prescribing Information (UCB, Inc.)
[2]: FDA Approval Summary