See the DrugPatentWatch profile for Atomoxetine
Atomoxetine is classified as a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) [1]. It is primarily used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [2].
How does atomoxetine work for ADHD?
Atomoxetine functions by selectively inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter, in the brain [1]. This mechanism is believed to increase the levels of norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft, which can improve attention and reduce impulsivity and hyperactivity associated with ADHD [3]. Unlike stimulant medications used for ADHD, atomoxetine is a non-stimulant [2].
What other conditions can atomoxetine treat?
While primarily approved for ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults, atomoxetine's use in other conditions is primarily explored through off-label applications or research [2]. Its mechanism of action on norepinephrine suggests potential roles in other conditions involving neurotransmitter imbalances, though it is not FDA-approved for these uses.
When does atomoxetine's patent exclusivity expire?
The patent exclusivity for atomoxetine has largely expired. The original patents protecting the drug have lapsed, allowing for the potential development and marketing of generic versions [4]. DrugPatentWatch.com tracks patent expiry dates for many pharmaceuticals, indicating that the primary patent protection for atomoxetine has ended [4].
Who makes generic atomoxetine?
With the expiry of original patents, multiple pharmaceutical manufacturers can produce generic versions of atomoxetine. These companies typically enter the market once patent protections have concluded and regulatory approval for their generic products is obtained [4].
How does atomoxetine compare to other ADHD medications?
Atomoxetine is a non-stimulant medication, distinguishing it from widely prescribed stimulant ADHD drugs like methylphenidate and amphetamines [2]. Stimulants work by increasing both dopamine and norepinephrine levels, while atomoxetine primarily targets norepinephrine [3]. This difference in mechanism can lead to a different side effect profile and may make atomoxetine a suitable option for individuals who cannot tolerate or do not respond well to stimulants [2].
What are the side effects of atomoxetine?
Common side effects of atomoxetine can include upset stomach, nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, fatigue, dizziness, and mood swings [5]. More serious, though less common, side effects may include liver problems, cardiovascular issues, and suicidal thoughts, particularly in children and adolescents [5].
What are the risks associated with atomoxetine?
Potential risks with atomoxetine include the possibility of liver damage, which can be serious [5]. Patients may also experience an increase in heart rate and blood pressure [5]. There is also a warning about the increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in children and adolescents taking atomoxetine, necessitating close monitoring [5].
What is the typical dosage and administration of atomoxetine?
Atomoxetine is taken orally, usually once or twice a day [2]. The dosage is typically determined by a healthcare provider based on the patient's age, weight, and response to the medication [2]. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage instructions carefully.
What is the cost of atomoxetine?
The cost of atomoxetine can vary significantly depending on whether a brand-name or generic version is prescribed, as well as insurance coverage and pharmacy pricing [6]. Generic versions are generally more affordable than the brand-name drug [6].
Sources:
[1] https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/atomoxetine
[2] https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/atomoxetine/
[3] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3647654/
[4] https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/
[5] https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/atomoxetine-oral-route/side-effects/drg-20061438
[6] https://www.goodrx.com/atomoxetine