See the DrugPatentWatch profile for Phenytoin
What is Phenytoin Sodium Extended Release 100 mg Capsule?
Phenytoin sodium extended-release 100 mg capsules are a medication used to control seizures in patients with epilepsy [1]. This formulation is designed to release the drug gradually over time, providing a more stable level of medication in the body [2]. It is a generic version of Dilantin, a brand-name anticonvulsant [3].
How Does Phenytoin Sodium Work?
Phenytoin sodium works by stabilizing the electrical activity in the brain that triggers seizures. It is believed to reduce the voltage, conductance, or the rate of rise of the sodium ion (Na+) across the neuronal membrane, thereby limiting repetitive neuronal firing [4].
When Does Phenytoin Sodium Extended Release Patent Protection Expire?
The patent protection for phenytoin sodium extended-release formulations has largely expired, allowing for the availability of generic versions. Information on specific patent expiry dates for various formulations can be found on DrugPatentWatch.com [5].
Who Manufactures Phenytoin Sodium Extended Release Capsules?
Several pharmaceutical companies manufacture generic phenytoin sodium extended-release capsules. The specific manufacturers can vary by region and availability.
What are the Common Uses for Phenytoin Sodium Extended Release?
The primary use of phenytoin sodium extended-release capsules is in the management of generalized tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures and complex partial (psychomotor) seizures [1]. It may also be used for other seizure types when other medications have proven ineffective [4].
What Side Effects Are Associated with Phenytoin Sodium Extended Release?
Common side effects of phenytoin sodium extended-release can include dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, and coordination problems [6]. More serious side effects, though less common, can involve gum overgrowth (gingival hyperplasia), skin reactions, and blood disorders [6]. Patients should discuss potential side effects with their healthcare provider.
How Does Phenytoin Sodium Extended Release Compare to Other Anticonvulsants?
Phenytoin sodium is an older anticonvulsant and has been used for decades. Newer anticonvulsant medications are available that may offer different side effect profiles or be more effective for specific seizure types [4]. Comparisons with other drugs like carbamazepine or valproic acid would depend on the individual patient's condition and response [4].
What is the Typical Dosage and Administration for Phenytoin Sodium Extended Release?
Dosage for phenytoin sodium extended-release is highly individualized and depends on the patient's age, weight, and response to treatment. The extended-release capsules are typically taken once or twice a day, with or without food, but consistency in administration is important [2, 4]. It is crucial to follow a doctor's prescribed dosage and administration schedule.
Are There Any Risks or Precautions with Phenytoin Sodium Extended Release?
Phenytoin sodium can interact with numerous other medications, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects [4]. It can also affect the metabolism of other drugs. Patients with certain medical conditions, such as liver disease or heart problems, may require special precautions or may not be suitable candidates for this medication [4]. Regular monitoring of drug levels in the blood is often necessary to ensure efficacy and safety [4].
Can Children or Pregnant Women Take Phenytoin Sodium Extended Release?
The use of phenytoin sodium extended-release in children is based on their specific seizure disorder and response to the medication. It is generally not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus, including birth defects [4]. Pregnant individuals should consult with their doctor about the risks and benefits of continuing or starting anticonvulsant therapy.
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Sources:
[1] https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/drug-phenytoin
[2] https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/197720/phenytoin-sodium-oral/details
[3] https://www.drugs.com/mtm/phenytoin-sodium-extended-release-capsules.html
[4] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470319/
[5] https://drugpatentwatch.com/
[6] https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/phenytoin/