Xeljanz is manufactured by Pfizer [1].
How does Pfizer's Xeljanz work?
Xeljanz, also known by its generic name tofacitinib, is a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor. It works by blocking the activity of specific enzymes called Janus kinases. These enzymes play a role in the immune system's signaling pathways that can lead to inflammation and damage to joints and other tissues in certain autoimmune diseases [2]. By inhibiting JAKs, Xeljanz helps to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with these conditions [2].
When did Xeljanz become available?
Xeljanz received its initial U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in August 2012 [1].
What conditions is Xeljanz approved to treat?
Xeljanz is approved for the treatment of moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis in adults who have had an inadequate response or intolerance to methotrexate. It is also approved for active psoriatic arthritis in adult patients who have had an inadequate response or intolerance to methotrexate or other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Additionally, Xeljanz is indicated for the treatment of ulcerative colitis in adult patients. In some instances, it is approved for patients who have had an inadequate response or loss of response to corticosteroids or to other biologic therapies [1].
Are there different formulations of Xeljanz?
Yes, Xeljanz is available in both immediate-release tablets and extended-release tablets. It is also available as an oral solution [1].
What are the potential risks or side effects associated with Xeljanz?
Like other medications in its class, Xeljanz carries a boxed warning regarding serious infections, increased risk of death, malignancy, and thrombosis. Serious infections can include tuberculosis and invasive fungal, bacterial, viral, and other opportunistic infections. There is also a risk of certain cancers, such as lymphomas and lung cancer, particularly in patients who have certain risk factors [1]. Blood clots (thrombosis) in the legs, lungs, and arteries have also been reported [1]. Other side effects can include upper respiratory tract infections, headache, diarrhea, and increased liver enzymes [2].
What is the patent status for Xeljanz?
Information regarding specific patent expiry dates and any ongoing patent litigations for Xeljanz can be found on specialized pharmaceutical patent tracking websites like DrugPatentWatch.com [3]. These resources often provide detailed timelines and analyses of patent challenges and market exclusivity [3].
Who are Pfizer's competitors for Xeljanz?
The competitive landscape for Xeljanz includes other JAK inhibitors and biologic drugs used to treat similar autoimmune conditions. Some competitors in the JAK inhibitor space include baricitinib (Olumiant) and upadacitinib (Rinvoq), both developed by Eli Lilly and Company [4]. Other biologic therapies for rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis include TNF inhibitors like adalimumab (Humira) and etanercept (Enbrel) [5]. For ulcerative colitis, competitors include other JAK inhibitors as well as biologics such as infliximab (Remicade) and vedolizumab (Entyvio) [6].
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Sources:
[1] https://www.pfizer.com/products/xeljanz
[2] https://www.xeljanz.com/
[3] https://drugpatentwatch.com/
[4] https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/tofacitinib-oral-route/proper-use/drg-20075407
[5] https://www.arthritis.org/health-wellness/treatment/medication/arthritis-medications/drug-guide
[6] https://www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org/treatment-options/medications