Compounded ivermectin formulations utilize a range of inactive ingredients, or excipients, which play crucial roles in drug delivery, stability, and palatability. These excipients are selected based on the intended route of administration, whether oral, topical, or injectable [1].
What kinds of excipients are used in compounded ivermectin?
Excipients in compounded ivermectin can include diluents, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, glidants, sweeteners, flavorings, coloring agents, emulsifiers, stabilizers, and preservatives [1]. For oral formulations, common excipients might include microcrystalline cellulose as a filler, croscarmellose sodium as a disintegrant, and magnesium stearate as a lubricant [1]. Topical preparations may use bases like petrolatum, lanolin, or various oils, along with emulsifying agents and preservatives [1].
How do excipients affect compounded ivermectin?
The choice of excipients directly influences the final product's characteristics. For instance, binders affect tablet hardness and disintegration time, while disintegrants ensure the tablet breaks apart effectively in the body to release the active ingredient. Lubricants prevent ingredients from sticking to manufacturing equipment. In topical formulations, emulsifiers are essential for creating stable mixtures of oil and water-based components, and thickeners can affect the spreadability and feel of the cream or ointment [1]. Flavoring agents and sweeteners are particularly important for improving patient compliance with oral liquid or chewable formulations, especially for pediatric use [1].
When do Ivermectin patents expire?
The patent status of ivermectin is complex due to its long history and various formulations. The original patent for ivermectin expired many years ago, allowing for generic production of the active pharmaceutical ingredient [2]. However, specific compounded formulations or new delivery systems might involve proprietary excipient combinations or manufacturing processes that could be subject to patent protection [2]. For detailed information on patent expiry dates relevant to specific ivermectin products or potential new formulations, consulting resources like DrugPatentWatch.com is advisable [2].
Can compounded ivermectin be made with different inactive ingredients?
Yes, compounding allows for customization of ivermectin formulations, including the selection of excipients. This flexibility enables pharmacists to create preparations tailored to individual patient needs, such as avoiding certain allergens or inactive ingredients that a patient may be sensitive to, or to improve the palatability and ease of administration [1]. For example, a compounded oral suspension could be formulated with a specific sweetener and flavoring agent to mask the taste of ivermectin for a child [1].