Ivermectin tablets are primarily composed of ivermectin as the active ingredient. The inactive ingredients can vary by manufacturer but typically include components like microcrystalline cellulose, corn starch, sodium starch glycolate, and magnesium stearate [1]. These inactive ingredients serve as binders, fillers, and lubricants to form the tablet structure and ensure proper dissolution.
What is Ivermectin?
Ivermectin is an antiparasitic medication used to treat a variety of infections caused by parasites [2]. It belongs to a class of drugs known as avermectins [3]. Its mechanism of action involves interfering with the nerve and muscle function of parasites, leading to paralysis and death [4].
Are there different formulations of Ivermectin?
Ivermectin is available in various formulations, including oral tablets, topical creams, and solutions [5]. The specific formulation depends on the intended use and the type of parasite being treated. Oral tablets are commonly prescribed for internal parasitic infections.
When does Ivermectin patent exclusivity expire?
Patent exclusivity for ivermectin has largely expired. Ivermectin was first approved by the FDA in 1987 [6]. Drug patent information, including expiry dates and any ongoing litigation, can be tracked through resources like DrugPatentWatch.com [7]. The original patents for ivermectin have long since expired, meaning generic versions are available.
Who manufactures Ivermectin?
Multiple pharmaceutical companies manufacture ivermectin, particularly generic versions, following the expiry of the original patents. Brands like Merck & Co. (originally developing ivermectin under the brand name Mectizan for veterinary and human use in specific onchocerciasis control programs) and numerous generic manufacturers produce ivermectin tablets [8].
What are the approved uses for Ivermectin?
In the United States, the FDA has approved ivermectin for treating certain parasitic infections in humans, such as onchocerciasis (river blindness) and strongyloidiasis [9]. It is also approved for treating scabies and head lice [10]. For veterinary use, ivermectin is approved to prevent heartworm disease and to treat various internal and external parasites in animals [11]. The FDA has not approved ivermectin for the treatment or prevention of COVID-19 [12].
Why is Ivermectin controversial?
Ivermectin has become controversial due to its use for unproven indications, particularly COVID-19. While some studies have investigated its efficacy against SARS-CoV-2, major health organizations and regulatory bodies, including the FDA and WHO, do not recommend its use for this purpose due to insufficient evidence of benefit and potential risks [12][13]. This has led to differing opinions on its therapeutic value and widespread public debate.
Sources:
[1] https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-3215/ivermectin-oral/details
[2] https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/ivermectin-oral-route/description/drg-20074060
[3] https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/resources/publications/picturesofparasitic_diseases.html
[4] https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/product-safety-information-animal-health/frequently-asked-questions-about-ivermectin-FDA
[5] https://www.drugs.com/ivermectin.html
[6] https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/ivermectin-fact-sheet
[7] https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/
[8] https://www.merck.com/news/ivermectin-a-treatment-for-parasitic-infections-in-humans-and-animals/
[9] https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/ivermectin/index.html
[10] https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/scabies/treatment.html
[11] https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/product-safety-information-animal-health/frequently-asked-questions-about-ivermectin-FDA
[12] https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/ivermectin-fact-sheet
[13] https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/i-vermectin-questions-and-answers