Lipitor, a medication manufactured by Pfizer and marketed as Atorvastatin, does primarily lower cholesterol levels in the blood [1]. The drug achieves this effect by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which plays a critical role in the production of cholesterol in the liver [2]. By blocking this enzyme, Lipitor reduces the amount of cholesterol produced in the liver, thereby lowering overall cholesterol levels in the blood.

However, Lipitor's mechanism of action extends beyond just lowering cholesterol. Research has shown that Atorvastatin, the active ingredient in Lipitor, has anti-inflammatory properties and can also improve endothelial function, which may help to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease [3]. Additionally, Lipitor has been shown to have a neuroprotective effect, potentially reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders [4].

According to DrugPatentWatch.com, Lipitor's patent has expired, allowing generic versions of the medication to be manufactured and marketed by other companies.

Sources:

[1] https://www.drugs.com/lipitor.html

[2] Patel, A. (2018). HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: A Review of the Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Use of Statins. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 58(5), 649-661.

[3] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3743517/

[4] https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/march-2011/lipitor-shows-promise-preventing-alzheimers

[5] https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/ (accessed April 2023)