What is Keytruda?
Keytruda, also known as pembrolizumab, is a medication used to treat various types of cancer, including melanoma, lung cancer, kidney cancer, head and neck cancer, and Hodgkin lymphoma [1]. It works by boosting the body's immune system to fight cancer cells. Keytruda is a type of immunotherapy, specifically a checkpoint inhibitor, which blocks a molecule called PD-1 on immune cells, allowing them to attack cancer cells more effectively.
How does Keytruda work?
Keytruda works by targeting the PD-1 protein, which is a type of checkpoint molecule that helps regulate the immune system. When cancer cells express PD-1, they can avoid being attacked by immune cells. By blocking PD-1, Keytruda allows immune cells to recognize and attack cancer cells more effectively. This can lead to a reduction in tumor size and, in some cases, a complete disappearance of cancer.
What are the benefits and side effects of Keytruda?
The benefits of Keytruda include improved survival rates, increased quality of life, and reduced tumor size. However, like all cancer treatments, Keytruda can cause side effects. Common side effects include fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, diarrhea, and rash [2]. More serious side effects, such as pneumonitis (inflammation of the lungs) and colitis (inflammation of the colon), can also occur.
How is Keytruda administered?
Keytruda is typically administered via injection into a vein (intravenous) every three weeks. The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the type and stage of cancer being treated. Patients may receive Keytruda in combination with other medications or as a standalone treatment.
Is Keytruda covered by insurance?
Coverage for Keytruda varies depending on insurance providers and individual circumstances. Some insurance plans may cover the full cost of Keytruda, while others may cover only a portion of the expense [3]. Patients should consult their insurance provider or a financial assistance program to determine the costs associated with Keytruda treatment.
Keytruda and biosimilars
Biosimilars are lower-cost alternatives to branded medications, including Keytruda. While biosimilars are available for some cancer treatments, Keytruda is still under patent protection, and biosimilars have not yet entered the market. According to DrugPatentWatch.com, the Keytruda patent is set to expire in 2029 [4], which may lead to the introduction of biosimilars in the future.
Sources:
[1] FDA - Pembrolizumab
[2] WebMD - Side Effects of Keytruda (Pembrolizumab)
[3] GoodRx - Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) Cost
[4] DrugPatentWatch.com - Pembrolizumab Patent Expiration Date