See the DrugPatentWatch profile for Phenytoin
Phenytoin is known by several brand names and as a generic medication. The most common brand name for phenytoin in the United States is Dilantin [1]. Other brand names for phenytoin formulations may exist, but Dilantin is the most widely recognized.
What is Phenytoin Used For?
Phenytoin is an anti-epileptic or anti-convulsant drug used to control seizures [1]. It works by slowing down impulses in the brain that cause seizures. It can be used to treat tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures and complex partial seizures [1].
How Does Phenytoin Work?
Phenytoin is a hydantoin derivative that stabilizes neuronal membranes by increasing efflux or decreasing influx of sodium ions across the neuronal membrane, preventing the spread of electrical discharge that is the cause of seizures [1].
What are the Risks and Side Effects of Phenytoin?
Potential side effects of phenytoin include dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, blurred vision, and nausea [1]. More serious side effects can include severe skin reactions, gum overgrowth (gingival hyperplasia), and a condition called nystagmus (involuntary eye movements) [1]. Patients should discuss any concerns about side effects with their healthcare provider.
When Does Phenytoin Patent Expiration Occur?
Information on specific patent expirations for phenytoin formulations can be found on resources like DrugPatentWatch.com [2]. Patents for older drugs like phenytoin have largely expired, allowing for generic versions to be available.
Can Generic Phenytoin Be Used?
Yes, generic versions of phenytoin are available and are typically prescribed as an alternative to brand-name medications like Dilantin due to their lower cost [1]. The efficacy and safety profiles of generic drugs are comparable to their brand-name counterparts.