Hydroxyzine is an antihistamine that can be effective for treating allergy symptoms, such as itching and hives [1][2]. It works by blocking the effects of histamine, a chemical released by the body during an allergic reaction [3].
How does hydroxyzine work for allergies?
Hydroxyzine functions as a first-generation antihistamine. It inhibits the action of histamine at H1 receptors. This action helps to reduce common allergic responses like itching (pruritus), redness, and swelling [1][3]. It is available by prescription and is often used for chronic urticaria (hives) and allergic dermatoses [2][4].
What is the difference between hydroxyzine and other allergy medications?
As a first-generation antihistamine, hydroxyzine can cause drowsiness because it readily crosses the blood-brain barrier. Newer, second-generation antihistamines (like loratadine, cetirizine, or fexofenadine) are designed to cause less drowsiness as they do not cross this barrier as easily [5]. While effective for allergy symptoms, the sedative effect of hydroxyzine may be a consideration for some individuals [2][5].
When would a doctor prescribe hydroxyzine for allergies?
Doctors may prescribe hydroxyzine when other antihistamines have not provided sufficient relief or for specific conditions like chronic hives and eczema where itching is a prominent symptom [2][4]. Its use is also indicated for anxiety and as a pre-operative sedative [1][3].
What are the side effects of taking hydroxyzine for allergies?
Common side effects of hydroxyzine include dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and significant drowsiness [1][3]. Due to its sedative properties, individuals should exercise caution when operating machinery or driving until they know how the medication affects them [2].
Can you get hydroxyzine over the counter for allergies?
No, hydroxyzine is a prescription medication and is not available over the counter for allergy treatment [1][4].
Are there any alternatives to hydroxyzine for allergy relief?
Yes, several over-the-counter and prescription antihistamines are available for allergy relief. Second-generation antihistamines like cetirizine, loratadine, and fexofenadine are widely used and generally cause less sedation [5]. Topical treatments like corticosteroid creams may also be used for skin-related allergy symptoms [4].
Sources
1. https://www.drugs.com/hydroxyzine.html
2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499895/
3. https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682035.html
4. https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/allergies/hives
5. https://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/allergies/antihistamines