What Are Aloprim and Zyloprim?
Aloprim and Zyloprim both contain allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor used to lower uric acid levels in conditions like gout, kidney stones, and tumor lysis syndrome. Aloprim is the injectable IV form for hospital use when oral intake isn't possible; Zyloprim is the oral tablet for everyday management.[1]
Key Formulation Differences
Aloprim delivers allopurinol sodium intravenously, allowing rapid absorption in acute settings. Zyloprim is allopurinol taken by mouth, with slower onset due to gastrointestinal absorption. Dosing reflects this: Aloprim starts at 200-400 mg/m²/day IV for tumor lysis, while Zyloprim is typically 100-800 mg/day orally.[1][2]
When Is Each Used?
Doctors choose Aloprim for patients unable to swallow pills, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or post-surgery. Zyloprim suits chronic gout or long-term prevention where oral therapy works. IV use avoids risks like aspiration in severe cases.[1]
Side Effects and Safety Profile
Both share risks like rash, nausea, liver issues, and rare severe hypersensitivity (e.g., Stevens-Johnson syndrome), especially in HLA-B*5801 carriers. IV Aloprim may cause infusion-site reactions or phlebitis not seen with oral Zyloprim. Monitoring uric acid and kidney function applies to both.[2]
Cost and Availability
Aloprim, as a branded injectable, costs more (often $100-300 per dose) and requires hospital administration. Generic Zyloprim tablets are cheaper ($10-50/month) and widely available outpatient.[3]
Who Makes Them?
Zyloprim is marketed by Casper Pharma (formerly Prometheus); generics come from multiple firms. Aloprim is from WellSpring Pharmaceutical.[1][4]
Sources
[1]: DailyMed - Aloprim
[2]: Drugs.com - Allopurinol
[3]: GoodRx - Allopurinol Pricing
[4]: DrugPatentWatch.com - Allopurinol Patents