Xolair, known generically as omalizumab, is an injectable medication used to treat specific allergic and inflammatory conditions [1].
What conditions does Xolair treat?
Xolair is prescribed for adults and children aged 12 and older who have moderate to severe persistent allergic asthma that is inadequately controlled by inhaled corticosteroids [1]. It is also used to treat chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), a chronic hives condition, in adults and adolescents aged 12 and older who have had an inadequate response to antihistamine treatment [1]. Additionally, it is approved for children aged 6 and older with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis (hay fever) who have nasal symptoms that are not adequately controlled by nasal sprays [1].
How does Xolair work?
Xolair works by targeting immunoglobulin E (IgE), an antibody involved in allergic reactions [1]. In conditions like allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis, IgE can bind to allergens, triggering the release of inflammatory substances. Xolair binds to IgE in the bloodstream, preventing it from attaching to mast cells and basophils, thereby reducing the inflammatory response and allergic symptoms [1]. For CSU, its mechanism is less understood but is thought to involve reducing the activity of cells that release histamine and other inflammatory mediators [1].
How is Xolair administered?
Xolair is administered via subcutaneous injection, meaning it is injected just under the skin [1]. Healthcare professionals typically administer these injections [1]. Dosing and frequency depend on the condition being treated and the patient's weight and IgE levels [1].
How long does Xolair take to start working?
Patients may begin to notice an improvement in their symptoms within a few weeks of starting Xolair treatment, though it can take up to 16 weeks to see the full effects [1].
What are the potential side effects of Xolair?
Common side effects of Xolair include injection site reactions (pain, swelling, redness, itching), headache, fatigue, dizziness, and joint pain [1]. A serious, though rare, side effect is anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction that can occur during or after administration [1]. Symptoms of anaphylaxis can include hives, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, difficulty breathing, wheezing, and a drop in blood pressure [1]. Patients are advised to seek immediate medical attention if they experience symptoms of anaphylaxis [1].
Can Xolair be used by children?
Yes, Xolair is approved for use in children aged 6 and older for allergic rhinitis and for children aged 12 and older for persistent allergic asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria, depending on the specific condition and its severity [1].
What is the patent status of Xolair?
Xolair has faced patent challenges [2]. Information on the specific patent expiry dates and any ongoing litigation can be found through resources that track drug patents, such as DrugPatentWatch.com [2].
Who manufactures Xolair?
Xolair is a co-developed product by Novartis and Genentech [1].