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Theophylline 0.32% and dextrose 5% in plastic container?

See the DrugPatentWatch profile for Theophylline

Theophylline 0.32 % + Dextrose 5 % (IV formulation)

Feature Details
Active Ingredient Theophylline – a methylxanthine bronchodilator.
Excipient Dextrose 5 % – glucose, used to provide isotonicity and a small caloric load.
Dose Typical adult IV infusion: 5 mg/kg over 30–60 min, then a maintenance infusion of 0.1–0.15 mg/kg/hour. Pediatric dosing varies with weight and clinical response.
Indications Acute or chronic exacerbations of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) when inhaled therapies are inadequate or as an adjunct.
Route Intravenous (bolus + continuous infusion).
Storage Keep at 20–25 °C (room temperature). The solution is stable for 24 h once reconstituted, but it should be protected from light and stored in the supplied plastic infusion bag or IV line set.
Compatibility Theophylline is compatible with most plastic IV tubing, but avoid prolonged contact with high‑flow silicone tubing as it may absorb the drug.
Contraindications Hypersensitivity to theophylline or any excipient, severe heart disease (arrhythmias, congestive heart failure), uncontrolled hypertension, or significant hepatic dysfunction.
Drug Interactions Many drugs can affect theophylline levels (e.g., ciprofloxacin, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, cimetidine, carbamazepine, rifampin). Also note that dextrose may lower the apparent serum theophylline concentration in some assays.
Monitoring Theophylline serum concentrations should be checked (target 10–20 µg/mL in plasma) after at least 12 h of steady‑state infusion. Monitor heart rate, rhythm, BP, and respiratory status.
Side Effects – Gastro‑intestinal: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain.
– Cardiac: palpitations, tachycardia, arrhythmias (especially at high levels).
– Neurologic: tremor, headache, seizures (rare).
– Metabolic: hyperglycemia from dextrose; monitor blood glucose if diabetic.
Emergency Measures If an overdose is suspected: treat seizures with benzodiazepines, correct hypotension with fluids and vasopressors, consider charcoal if ingestion was recent, and consult poison control.
Patient Counseling • Explain that the medication is a bronchodilator and may help relieve wheezing or shortness of breath.
• Emphasize the need for regular monitoring (blood levels, pulse, BP).
• Advise to notify the care team of any new heart rhythm changes or gastrointestinal upset.
• Discuss the importance of keeping the IV site clean and changing the bag as directed.

Quick Tips for Clinicians

  1. Start low, go slow – begin with the lowest infusion rate and titrate up only as clinically necessary.
  2. Avoid drug‑drug interactions – especially with CYP1A2 inhibitors (e.g., cimetidine) or inducers (rifampin).
  3. Check serum levels – especially before changing the infusion rate or switching to another bronchodilator.
  4. Watch glucose – dextrose 5 % can raise serum glucose; monitor especially in diabetic patients.
  5. Use plastic IV lines – plastic is the standard; if using silicone or metal lines, ensure theophylline compatibility.

If you have specific questions about dosing in a particular patient population, infusion equipment, or how to handle a suspected adverse reaction, let me know!



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