Lactulose moa?

Lactulose MOA:

- It’s a non-absorbable disaccharide (galactose–fructose) that reaches the colon intact.
- Colonic bacteria ferment it to short-chain fatty acids (lactic, acetic, formic acids), lowering the colonic pH (acidification of the lumen).
- The acidic colonic environment converts ammonia (NH3) to ammonium (NH4+), which is trapped in the gut and less absorbed, lowering blood ammonia levels (useful in hepatic encephalopathy).
- It also acts as an osmotic laxative by drawing water into the colon, increasing stool water content and bowel movements.

Common side effects include bloating, gas, and diarrhea. It contains sugars (galactose/fructose), so use with caution in diabetes or certain metabolic conditions.