What class of drug is gentamicin?
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. It is used to treat certain serious bacterial infections, especially those caused by susceptible aerobic Gram-negative bacteria.
How does gentamicin work as an aminoglycoside?
Like other aminoglycosides, gentamicin works by disrupting bacterial protein synthesis. It binds to bacterial ribosomal RNA, which leads to misreading of mRNA and faulty proteins that can kill the bacteria.
What kinds of infections is gentamicin typically used for?
Gentamicin is commonly used in hospital settings for serious infections where an aminoglycoside is appropriate, such as some bloodstream (bacteremia) and complicated infections caused by susceptible bacteria. Its use depends on local resistance patterns and the specific organism and site of infection.
Is gentamicin the same “class” as other antibiotics?
No. Gentamicin’s class is aminoglycosides, which is different from:
- Beta-lactams (like penicillins and cephalosporins)
- Fluoroquinolones (like ciprofloxacin)
- Macrolides (like azithromycin)
- Tetracyclines (like doxycycline)
What are key safety issues people associate with aminoglycosides like gentamicin?
The main concerns with gentamicin are kidney toxicity (nephrotoxicity) and hearing or balance damage (ototoxicity). These risks are higher with higher doses, prolonged therapy, and in patients with existing kidney problems.