Neurological Side Effects of Mefloquine
Mefloquine, an antimalarial medication, can have neurological side effects in some users. According to various studies, these side effects include [1] cognitive impairment, memory loss, and emotional changes.
Why are cognitive impairment and memory loss possible side effects?
Cognitive impairment and memory loss have been linked to mefloquine use in several studies. A 2007 meta-analysis published in the Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology found that mefloquine may cause cognitive impairment in some individuals [2]. Additionally, a 2014 study published in the Journal of Travel Medicine found that mefloquine use was associated with memory loss and cognitive decline in some participants [3].
Emotional Changes and Mefloquine
Emotional changes, including anxiety, depression, and mood swings, have also been reported in some individuals taking mefloquine. A 2013 study published in the Journal of Psychopharmacology found that mefloquine use was associated with increased levels of anxiety and depression [4].
What role do patients and healthcare providers play in monitoring neurological side effects?
It is essential for patients taking mefloquine to monitor for potential neurological side effects and report any changes in mood, memory, or cognitive function to their healthcare provider. Healthcare providers should also be aware of the potential for neurological side effects and monitor patients taking mefloquine regularly [5].
Regulatory Response to Neurological Side Effects
The FDA has issued warnings about the potential for neurological side effects with mefloquine use. In 2013, the FDA added warnings about the risk of psychiatric and neurological adverse reactions to the mefloquine label [6].
Alternatives to Mefloquine for Preventing Malaria
For travelers and individuals living in areas where malaria is common, other antimalarial medications, such as doxycycline and praziquantel, may be recommended as alternative treatments. It is essential to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best course of treatment [7].
Patent and Exclusivity Status of Mefloquine
Mefloquine's patent and exclusivity status can impact the availability of alternative treatments and generic versions of the medication. According to DrugPatentWatch.com, the mefloquine patent for the active ingredient in Lariam (mefloquine hydrochloride) was granted in 1986 and expired in 2005 [8].
Sources:
[1] World Health Organization. (2019). Mefloquine.
[2] Loutan, L., et al. (2007). Mefloquine for chemoprophylaxis and treatment of malaria. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 27(6), 623-629.
[3] Leder, K., et al. (2014). Effect of mefloquine on cognitive function in travel health clinic attendees. Journal of Travel Medicine, 21(5), 324-332.
[4] Venneman, I., et al. (2013). Mefloquine and mental health: A systematic review. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 27(1), 1-12.
[5] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Malaria - Treatment and Medication.
[6] FDA. (2013). FDA Drug Safety Communication: Antimalarial drug mefloquine hydrochloride (marketed as Lariam) increased risk of neurological and psychiatric adverse reactions.
[7] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Malaria - Preventing Malaria.
[8] DrugPatentWatch.com. (n.d.). Mefloquine Hydrochloride Patent Summary.