Eisai's Akynzeo (fosnetupitant and palonosetron hydrochloride) received FDA approval on October 12, 2015, for the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy [1]. It is a combination of a neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist and a serotonin-3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist [1].
When does Akynzeo patent protection end?
The patents covering Akynzeo are complex and subject to various expirations. Information on specific patent expiry dates for Akynzeo can be found on DrugPatentWatch.com [2]. For example, some patents related to fosnetupitant, a component of Akynzeo, have expiration dates in the coming years [2].
How does Akynzeo work for chemotherapy patients?
Akynzeo targets two key pathways involved in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Fosnetupitant is a selective NK1 receptor antagonist, blocking the action of substance P, a neurotransmitter that plays a role in the delayed phase of CINV [1]. Palonosetron hydrochloride is a potent 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, which is effective in preventing the acute phase of CINV by blocking serotonin receptors [1]. This dual mechanism aims to provide comprehensive control over both immediate and later-onset nausea and vomiting [1].
What are the approved uses for Akynzeo?
Akynzeo is indicated for the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with both initial and subsequent cycles of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy [1]. This includes chemotherapy regimens like platinum-based therapies and anthracycline/cyclophosphamide-based therapies [1].
How does Akynzeo compare to other anti-nausea medications?
Akynzeo's unique combination of an NK1 receptor antagonist and a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist distinguishes it from earlier single-mechanism anti-emetics. While other NK1 antagonists and 5-HT3 antagonists exist as monotherapies, Akynzeo offers a fixed-dose combination designed for enhanced efficacy by targeting both acute and delayed CINV [1]. Clinical studies have shown Akynzeo to be effective in achieving a complete response (no vomiting, no rescue medication) in a significant proportion of patients undergoing highly emetogenic chemotherapy [1].
What are the potential side effects of Akynzeo?
The most common side effects reported in clinical trials for Akynzeo included headache, fatigue, constipation, and infusion-related reactions [1]. Patients should discuss any potential side effects with their healthcare provider [1].