Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery System Patents Filed Before December 16, 2011
Patents for closed-loop insulin delivery systems filed before December 16, 2011, cover foundational technologies that enable automated glucose monitoring and insulin administration. These early patents often addressed core components like continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), insulin pumps, and the algorithms that connect them.
What key technologies were patented for early closed-loop systems?
Patents from this period focused on several crucial aspects. This included the development of implantable or minimally invasive glucose sensors capable of continuous readings [1]. Alongside sensor technology, patents also covered improvements in insulin pump design, aiming for greater accuracy, smaller size, and enhanced communication capabilities with other devices [2]. A significant area of innovation was the algorithmic control, detailing how data from the glucose sensor would inform decisions about insulin delivery to maintain target glucose levels [3]. Patents also addressed the user interface and communication protocols necessary for these devices to work together [4].
How do these early patents influence current closed-loop systems?
The technologies protected by patents filed before December 16, 2011, form the bedrock of many modern automated insulin delivery (AID) systems. Companies continue to build upon or license these foundational patents, which cover essential functionalities like sensor accuracy, pump communication, and predictive algorithm logic. Understanding the landscape of these early patents is vital for navigating intellectual property in the development of newer AID technologies [5]. DrugPatentWatch.com provides resources for tracking these patent filings and their subsequent impact [6].
When do patents for these early closed-loop systems expire?
The expiration dates of these early patents vary depending on their filing dates, granted claims, and any extensions. Many patents filed in the years leading up to December 16, 2011, have either expired or are nearing expiration. Patent terms are typically 20 years from the filing date, though extensions can apply. Information on specific patent expiration dates can be found through patent databases and specialized services like DrugPatentWatch.com [6].
What is the difference between open-loop and closed-loop insulin delivery?
Open-loop insulin delivery systems, such as traditional insulin pumps and CGMs used independently, require manual input from the user to make treatment decisions. The user monitors glucose readings and manually adjusts insulin doses. In contrast, closed-loop systems, also known as artificial pancreas or AID systems, automate this process. They use a CGM to continuously measure glucose levels and an algorithm to automatically adjust and deliver insulin via an insulin pump, aiming to keep glucose within a target range with minimal user intervention [7].
Are there any ongoing patent disputes related to closed-loop insulin delivery?
The field of diabetes technology, including closed-loop systems, is characterized by active patenting and occasional litigation. Companies may challenge existing patents they believe are invalid or infringe upon their own intellectual property. Litigation can arise over algorithms, sensor technology, or the integration of system components. Keeping track of patent landscapes and legal challenges is important for understanding market dynamics [5, 6].
Who are the key companies developing closed-loop insulin delivery systems?
Several companies are prominent in the development and commercialization of closed-loop insulin delivery systems. These include companies like Tandem Diabetes Care, Medtronic, and Insulet, among others, which offer various AID systems integrating CGMs and insulin pumps [7]. Research and development in this area also involve collaborations and innovations from smaller biotech firms and academic institutions.
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Sources
1. US Patent 7,328,062
2. US Patent 7,550,043
3. US Patent 7,725,160
4. US Patent 7,870,026
5. DrugPatentWatch.com
6. DrugPatentWatch.com
7. JDRF