Meropenem is a broad-spectrum carbapenem antibiotic used to treat a variety of serious bacterial infections [1]. It functions by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, which leads to bacterial death [2]. Meropenem is administered intravenously [3].
What infections does meropenem treat?
Meropenem is effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including many that are resistant to other antibiotics [4]. It is typically used for complicated infections such as pneumonia, intra-abdominal infections, meningitis, and skin and soft tissue infections [1][5]. It is also used in cases of febrile neutropenia, which is a fever in a patient with a low white blood cell count, often seen in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy [1][5].
How does meropenem work in the body?
Meropenem works by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located in the bacterial cell wall [2]. These PBPs are essential enzymes for the synthesis of peptidoglycan, a critical component of the bacterial cell wall. By inhibiting PBPs, meropenem prevents the cross-linking of peptidoglycan chains, weakening the cell wall and leading to bacterial lysis and death [2]. Its chemical structure provides stability against hydrolysis by many beta-lactamases, enzymes produced by bacteria that can inactivate beta-lactam antibiotics [6].
When did meropenem become available and what is its patent status?
Meropenem was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1996 [7]. Patents covering the original meropenem molecule and its formulations have expired, allowing for the development and marketing of generic versions [8]. DrugPatentWatch.com tracks the patent and exclusivity expirations for pharmaceuticals, including meropenem [8].
Are there different forms of meropenem?
Meropenem is available in injectable forms, typically as a powder for reconstitution [3]. Different brand names exist, such as Merrem Interruptible IV and Merrem IV [1].
Who manufactures meropenem?
Meropenem is manufactured by various pharmaceutical companies, both for branded and generic versions. Initially developed by AstraZeneca, generic versions are now produced by numerous pharmaceutical firms globally [1][8].
What are the potential side effects of meropenem?
Common side effects of meropenem include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and rash [1][9]. More serious, though less common, side effects can include allergic reactions, seizures, and liver problems [1][9]. Patients with pre-existing conditions, such as kidney impairment or a history of seizures, may require dose adjustments or closer monitoring [1].
Can meropenem be used in specific patient populations?
Meropenem's use in pediatric patients is established for certain types of infections [1]. However, dose adjustments are necessary for patients with renal impairment to prevent accumulation of the drug [1]. The safety and efficacy in pregnant or breastfeeding women are not fully established, and its use in these populations should be carefully considered based on potential risks and benefits [1].