What protective mechanism does rofecoxib use for gastric lining?

What is the main difference between rofecoxib and ibuprofen?

Rofecoxib selectively inhibits COX-2 enzymes, leaving COX-1 activity intact. Ibuprofen blocks both COX-1 and COX-2, which explains why rofecoxib was marketed as gentler on the stomach than traditional NSAIDs.

When does rofecoxib patent expire?

Rofecoxib never reached patent expiry because Merck withdrew the drug worldwide in September 2004 following safety concerns over cardiovascular risks. The decision came before any generic competitors could enter the market.

Can rofecoxib cause stomach ulcers?

Rofecoxib showed lower rates of gastrointestinal complications than non-selective NSAIDs in clinical studies, but it still carried a residual risk of ulceration. Patients with prior peptic ulcer disease were advised to caution when using the brand-name product Vioxx.

What happens if rofecoxib is taken with aspirin?

Concurrent use of rofecoxib and aspirin raised the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding beyond the level observed with rofecoxib alone. Studies showed that aspirin overrides the gastric-protective effect of COX-2 selectivity, so clinicians avoided the combination whenever possible.

Why is rofecoxib withdrawn?

The withdrawal of rofecoxib was triggered by cardiovascular safety data rather than gastric issues. Merck pulled the drug after internal studies and an FDA advisory committee meeting revealed a doubled risk of heart attack and stroke.