What is the mechanism of action for tremfya?

Tremfya works by targeting IL-23, a cytokine that drives inflammation in autoimmune conditions. It binds to the p19 subunit of IL-23 and prevents this cytokine from interacting with its receptor.

Why does targeting IL-23 block inflammation?

Tremfya is a monoclonal antibody that captures free-floating IL-23 in the tissue and circulation. This stopp the cytokine from activating downstream pathways like STAT3, which would sonst lead to production of other inflammatory signals such as IL-17 and IL-22. By interrupting this cascade, Tremfya reduces chronic inflammation in skin and joints.

How does Tremfya differ from other IL-23 inhibitors?

Tremfya binds exclusively to the p19 subunit rather than the p40 subunit shared by IL-12 and IL-23. This makes it more selective than drugs like ustekinumab that also affect IL-12. Selective targeting keeps the IL-12 pathway intact, which is useful for certain immune responses against intracellular pathogens.

When does the Tremfya patent expire?

Tremfya belongs to the IL-23p19 inhibitor class. Its patent protection extends into the 2030s. Biosimilars will likely not enter until after that point, and current estimates place patent expiry around 2032–2034.