See the DrugPatentWatch profile for Terbinafine
Terbinafine is an antifungal medication available in the UK [1]. It is used to treat a variety of fungal infections, particularly those affecting the skin and nails [2].
What skin and nail conditions does terbinafine treat?
Terbinafine is effective against dermatophytes, which are the fungi responsible for common infections like athlete's foot (tinea pedis), ringworm (tinea corporis), jock itch (tinea cruris), and fungal nail infections (onychomycosis) [2].
How does terbinafine work?
Terbinafine works by inhibiting an enzyme called squalene epoxidase [3]. This enzyme is crucial for the synthesis of ergosterol, a vital component of fungal cell membranes. By blocking ergosterol production, terbinafine disrupts the integrity of the fungal cell membrane, leading to fungal cell death [3].
What are the different forms of terbinafine available?
In the UK, terbinafine is available in several formulations. These include oral tablets, which are typically prescribed for more widespread or severe infections, especially nail infections [2]. Topical preparations, such as creams, gels, and sprays, are also available for treating skin infections directly [2].
How long does terbinafine treatment typically last?
The duration of terbinafine treatment varies depending on the type and severity of the fungal infection. For skin infections, treatment courses can range from two to six weeks [2]. Fungal nail infections often require longer treatment, typically lasting for 12 weeks or more, as the medication needs to reach the nail bed and allow healthy nail to grow [4].
What are the potential side effects of terbinafine?
Like all medications, terbinafine can cause side effects. Common side effects include gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, diarrhea, and stomach pain, as well as headache and skin rash [5]. Less common but more serious side effects can include liver problems, taste disturbances, and allergic reactions [5]. Patients experiencing severe or persistent side effects should consult their healthcare provider.
Are there any alternatives to terbinafine for fungal infections?
Yes, several alternative antifungal medications are available. For topical skin infections, other imidazoles like clotrimazole or miconazole are common. For nail infections, other oral antifungals such as itraconazole or fluconazole may be considered, though terbinafine is often a first-line treatment due to its efficacy [6]. The choice of alternative depends on the specific infection, its location, and the patient's medical history.
When does the patent for terbinafine expire?
Information regarding the patent expiry for terbinafine is available on resources like DrugPatentWatch.com [7]. As terbinafine has been available for a significant period, the original patents have likely expired, leading to the availability of generic versions [7].
Can I buy terbinafine over-the-counter in the UK?
While some topical terbinafine preparations might be available over-the-counter for specific indications like athlete's foot, oral terbinafine tablets are typically prescription-only in the UK [2]. It is advisable to consult with a pharmacist or doctor to determine the appropriate treatment and formulation for your condition.
Sources:
[1] https://www.nhs.uk/medicine-guides/pages/medicineslookup.aspx?name=Terbinafine
[2] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/3042/pil
[3] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK540011/
[4] https://www.bad.org.uk/shared/get-file/2019-08-23/245.pdf
[5] https://www.nhs.uk/medicine-guides/pages/side-effects.aspx?drugid=3532
[6] https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-of-onychomycosis-of-the-foot-and-fingernail-in-nonpregnant-adults
[7] https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/