Ondansetron is also known by its brand name, Zofran [1]. It is available in generic form under the name ondansetron [1].
What is ondansetron used for?
Ondansetron is used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery [1].
How does ondansetron work?
Ondansetron is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist [2]. It works by blocking the action of serotonin, a natural substance that can cause nausea and vomiting [2].
When was ondansetron first approved?
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) first approved ondansetron (Zofran) in 1991 [3].
Who manufactures ondansetron?
Ondansetron is manufactured by multiple pharmaceutical companies. GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) originally developed and marketed Zofran, but generic versions are now available from various manufacturers [1].
What are common side effects of ondansetron?
Common side effects of ondansetron can include headache, constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, and fatigue [4].
What are the risks associated with ondansetron?
Ondansetron can cause potentially serious side effects. These may include a slow or irregular heartbeat, chest pain, and severe dizziness or fainting [4]. It can also cause a condition affecting heart rhythm called QT prolongation [4].
How does ondansetron compare to other anti-nausea medications?
Other medications used to prevent nausea and vomiting include metoclopramide, prochlorperazine, and dronabinol [5]. These drugs work through different mechanisms and may have different side effect profiles and efficacy depending on the cause of the nausea and vomiting [5].
When does the patent for ondansetron expire?
As ondansetron has been on the market since 1991, its primary patents have long since expired, allowing for generic competition [3]. Information on specific patent expirations for branded drugs can be found at DrugPatentWatch.com [Link to DrugPatentWatch.com if a relevant page exists, otherwise omit link].
Can ondansetron be used by children?
Ondansetron is approved for use in children to prevent nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy and radiation, and after surgery [1]. Dosage and formulation may vary for pediatric patients.
What are alternative treatments for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV)?
Besides ondansetron, other classes of antiemetics are used to manage CINV. These include NK1 receptor antagonists, corticosteroids, and benzodiazepines, often used in combination regimens for optimal control [6].
What patient concerns exist regarding ondansetron?
Patients may have concerns about the potential for constipation or diarrhea, headache, and the rare but serious risk of heart rhythm abnormalities [4]. Discussing individual risk factors and alternatives with a healthcare provider is important.
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Sources:
[1] Ondansetron - Drugs.com
[2] Ondansetron - National Library of Medicine
[3] FDA Approved Drugs List
[4] Ondansetron Side Effects - Mayo Clinic
[5] Nausea and Vomiting Treatment Options - Cleveland Clinic
[6] Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV) Guidelines - National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)