| Willow Bark |
Contains salicin, which is converted into salicylic acid (a cousin of aspirin). |
1–3 g dried bark (or 180 mg extract) taken 2–3 times daily, or 30–40 mg salicin per dose. |
Can irritate stomach; avoid if you’re on blood‑thinners or have ulcers. |
| Turmeric (Curcumin) |
Anti‑inflammatory via COX‑2 inhibition and antioxidant effects. |
500–1,000 mg curcumin extract daily (with black pepper or 5% piperine for absorption). |
Not as fast‑acting; may interact with anticoagulants or diabetes meds. |
| Ginger |
Reduces prostaglandin synthesis and COX‑2 activity. |
250–500 mg ginger root powder or tea 3–4 times per day. |
Generally safe, but high doses may cause mild GI upset. |
| Omega‑3 Fatty Acids (EPA/DHA) |
Modulate eicosanoid pathways, reducing inflammation. |
1,000–4,000 mg EPA/DHA daily (fish oil or algae‑based). |
High doses can thin blood; consult if on anticoagulants. |
| Capsaicin Cream |
Depletes substance P, reducing pain signals. |
0.025–0.1 % cream applied 2–3 times per day. |
Skin irritation; not systemic. |
| Magnesium |
Inhibits COX activity, helps muscle relaxation. |
200–400 mg elemental Mg per day (as magnesium glycinate or citrate). |
Can cause diarrhea; monitor kidney function if chronic. |
| White Willow Bark + Quercetin |
Synergy: Willow bark for salicin; quercetin as antioxidant. |
1 g willow bark + 500 mg quercetin daily. |
Same warnings as willow bark; quercetin may affect drug metabolism. |
| Acupuncture / Acupressure |
Stimulates endogenous pain‑relief pathways (endorphins, endocannabinoids). |
15–30 min sessions 1–3×/week. |
Variable efficacy; consider a qualified practitioner. |