Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic medication. Its active ingredient is risperidone [1]. The drug is formulated into various dosage forms, including tablets and oral solutions, which contain inactive ingredients alongside the active pharmaceutical ingredient. These inactive ingredients can vary depending on the specific manufacturer and dosage form [2].
What inactive ingredients are found in risperidone tablets?
Risperidone tablets typically contain several inactive ingredients. For instance, Risperdal tablets may include lactose monohydrate, corn starch, povidone, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, magnesium stearate, and hypromellose [2]. Different formulations might also incorporate coloring agents such as titanium dioxide and various dyes [3].
How is risperidone administered and what forms does it come in?
Risperidone is available in several forms for administration. These include oral tablets, orally disintegrating tablets, and an oral solution. For long-acting injectable formulations, such as Risperdal Consta, the active ingredient is formulated as microspheres for intramuscular injection [4].
When does the patent for risperidone expire?
The original patents for risperidone have expired, allowing for the production of generic versions. For example, the U.S. patent for risperidone expired in 2008 [5]. This patent expiration enabled generic manufacturers to enter the market.
Who manufactures generic risperidone?
Multiple pharmaceutical companies manufacture generic risperidone. These include companies such as Teva Pharmaceuticals, Mylan, and Aurobindo Pharma, among others [6]. The availability of generic options has increased market competition.
What are the risks associated with risperidone?
Like all medications, risperidone carries potential risks and side effects. These can include metabolic changes like weight gain, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Other side effects may involve extrapyramidal symptoms (movement disorders), prolactin elevation, sedation, and dizziness [7]. Serious side effects, such as tardive dyskinesia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome, can also occur [8].
How does risperidone work?
Risperidone functions by affecting neurotransmitters in the brain, primarily dopamine and serotonin. It acts as a selective antagonist at both D2 dopamine receptors and 5-HT2A serotonin receptors. By blocking these receptors, it helps to regulate the imbalances of these neurotransmitters believed to be involved in conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder [9].
Sources:
[1] https://www.drugs.com/risperidone.html
[2] https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/020741s039,021964s009lbl.pdf
[3] https://www.rxlist.com/risperdal-side-effects-drug-center.htm
[4] https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01076
[5] https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/risperidone
[6] https://www.goodrx.com/risperidone
[7] https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/risperidone-oral-route-parenteral-route/proper-use/drg-20065177
[8] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2918811/
[9] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2918811/