See the DrugPatentWatch profile for Cephalexin
Cephalexin 500mg is an oral antibiotic in the cephalosporin class. It is prescribed to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, skin and bone infections, and genitourinary tract infections [1]. The 500mg dosage is a common strength for adult patients, though it can vary based on the type and severity of the infection and the patient's kidney function [2].
How Does Cephalexin Work?
Cephalexin works by inhibiting the synthesis of peptidoglycan, a crucial component of bacterial cell walls. By disrupting cell wall formation, it weakens the bacteria, leading to their death [1]. This mechanism makes it effective against a range of Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria [3].
What Infections Does Cephalexin Treat?
Cephalexin is indicated for bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms. This includes:
* Respiratory tract infections: Such as bronchitis and pneumonia [1].
* Skin and soft tissue infections: Including impetigo, cellulitis, and furunculosis [1].
* Bone infections: Like osteomyelitis [1].
* Genitourinary tract infections: Such as cystitis and prostatitis [1].
* Ear infections: Otitis media [1].
How is Cephalexin Dosing Determined?
Dosage for cephalexin is typically determined by the specific infection being treated and the patient's age and weight. For adults, common dosages range from 250mg to 500mg every six to twelve hours. Doses may need to be adjusted for individuals with impaired kidney function, as cephalexin is primarily excreted by the kidneys [2].
Are There Alternatives to Cephalexin 500mg?
Yes, other antibiotics can be used to treat bacterial infections, depending on the specific pathogen and patient factors. These may include other cephalosporins, penicillins, macrolides, or fluoroquinolones. The choice of antibiotic is guided by susceptibility testing and clinical guidelines [3].
When Does Cephalexin Go Off Patent?
Cephalexin is a generic antibiotic and has been available for many years. Its original patents have long expired, allowing for the production and sale of generic versions by multiple manufacturers [4].
What Companies Manufacture Generic Cephalexin?
Numerous pharmaceutical companies produce generic cephalexin, making it widely available. These include companies like Aurobindo Pharma, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Sandoz, and many others [4].
What is the Price of Cephalexin 500mg?
As a widely available generic medication, cephalexin 500mg is generally affordable. The exact price can vary depending on the pharmacy, insurance coverage, and whether a prescription discount card is used. Prices can range from a few dollars to around twenty dollars for a prescription, often varying by the quantity of tablets [5].
What Are the Side Effects of Cephalexin?
Common side effects associated with cephalexin include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and rash. More serious, though less common, side effects can include allergic reactions, severe diarrhea (Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea), and kidney problems [1].
Are There Any Contraindications for Cephalexin?
Cephalexin should not be used in patients with a known hypersensitivity to cephalexin or other cephalosporin antibiotics. Caution is advised in patients with a history of penicillin allergy, as cross-reactivity can occur [1].
Sources
1. https://www.drugs.com/cephalexin.html
2. https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-5705/cephalexin-oral/details
3. https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/cephalexin-oral-route/proper-use/dr-20067698
4. https://drugpatentwatch.com/
5. https://www.goodrx.com/cephalexin