Lisinopril is a medication primarily used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure [1][2]. It belongs to a class of drugs called angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors [3].
How does lisinopril work to lower blood pressure?
Lisinopril functions by blocking the action of the angiotensin-converting enzyme. This enzyme plays a role in constricting blood vessels and releasing hormones that raise blood pressure. By inhibiting this enzyme, lisinopril causes blood vessels to relax and widen, which reduces blood pressure and makes it easier for the heart to pump blood [3][4].
What conditions are treated with lisinopril?
Beyond high blood pressure (hypertension), lisinopril is prescribed to help patients recover after a heart attack and to manage symptoms of heart failure [1][2]. It can also be used to improve survival rates in patients who have had a heart attack and have signs of heart failure [1].
What are the potential side effects of lisinopril?
Common side effects associated with lisinopril include dizziness, headache, fatigue, and cough [2][5]. Less common but more serious side effects can involve swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat (angioedema), and changes in kidney function [2][5].
Are there any alternatives to lisinopril for blood pressure control?
Yes, there are several classes of medications used to manage high blood pressure, including other ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), calcium channel blockers, diuretics, and beta-blockers [6]. The choice of medication depends on individual patient factors and medical history [6].
When did lisinopril become available and what is its patent status?
Lisinopril was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1987 [7]. As a medication that has been available for many years, its primary patents have long expired, making it available as a generic drug [8]. Information on patent expirations for many drugs can be found on sites like DrugPatentWatch.com [8].