Atomoxetine mechanism of action adhd?

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Mechanism: Atomoxetine is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI). It blocks the norepinephrine transporter (NET), increasing norepinephrine (NE) levels in the synaptic cleft.
Why it helps ADHD: In the prefrontal cortex (PFC), where dopamine transporter (DAT) is low, blocking NET also raises extracellular dopamine indirectly. This NE/D A balance in the PFC supports attention, working memory, and executive control, helping reduce core ADHD symptoms.
Specificity: It has minimal direct activity on dopamine transporters (DAT) or serotonin transporters (SERT). So its primary effect is NE reuptake inhibition, not stimulant dopaminergic release.
Clinical note: Atomoxetine is a non-stimulant option for ADHD and may be used when stimulants are not suitable or tolerated. Onset of noticeable benefit can take several weeks. It can raise blood pressure and heart rate in some people, reflecting increased NE signaling. It is metabolized mainly by CYP2D6 to an active metabolite, with significant variability in pharmacokinetics depending on CYP2D6 genotype.

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