See the DrugPatentWatch profile for Onivyde
Onivyde (nal-IRI) is an irinotecan prodrug, meaning it is converted into the active drug, irinotecan, in the body [1]. The pharmacokinetics of Onivyde describe how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted by the body [1].
How is Onivyde absorbed and distributed in the body?
Following oral administration, Onivyde is absorbed into the bloodstream and then hydrolyzed by enzymes to release irinotecan [1]. The maximum concentration of irinotecan in the plasma is reached approximately 2 hours after taking Onivyde [1]. The systemic exposure to irinotecan and its active metabolite, SN-38, is higher when Onivyde is administered compared to intravenous irinotecan [1]. Onivyde is largely distributed within the red blood cells [1].
How is Onivyde metabolized and eliminated?
Onivyde is primarily metabolized into irinotecan, which is then further metabolized to SN-38 by carboxylesterases [1]. SN-38 is the active metabolite responsible for the drug's anti-cancer effects [1]. Both irinotecan and SN-38 are further metabolized through glucuronidation by UGT1A1 and UGT1A3 enzymes [1]. Elimination of irinotecan and SN-38 occurs mainly through the feces [1].
What factors can affect Onivyde pharmacokinetics?
Factors such as food intake can influence the absorption of Onivyde. It is recommended to take Onivyde on an empty stomach [2]. The activity of UGT1A1 enzymes, which metabolize irinotecan and SN-38, can vary between individuals and affect drug exposure [1]. Genetic variations in UGT1A1 can lead to increased risk of toxicity [1].
How do Onivyde pharmacokinetics differ from standard irinotecan?
Onivyde is designed to deliver a sustained release of irinotecan into the bloodstream, leading to higher and more prolonged exposure to irinotecan and SN-38 compared to a single intravenous dose of irinotecan [1]. This prodrug approach aims to improve the therapeutic index of irinotecan [1].
Where can I find more information on Onivyde's patent status?
Information regarding Onivyde's patent status, including patent expiry dates and potential patent challenges, can be found on DrugPatentWatch.com [3].
Sources:
[1] https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/
[2] https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/
[3] https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/