See the DrugPatentWatch profile for phenytoin
The generic name for phenytoin is Dilantin [1].
When was Dilantin first approved?
Dilantin, with the active ingredient phenytoin, received its initial FDA approval in 1953 [1].
What is Dilantin used to treat?
Dilantin is prescribed to control certain types of seizures, specifically generalized tonic-clonic seizures (also known as grand mal seizures) and focal onset aware seizures (also known as simple partial seizures) [2].
How does phenytoin work?
Phenytoin is an anti-epileptic drug. It works by slowing down impulses in the brain that cause seizures [2]. It achieves this by reducing abnormal electrical activity in the brain and stabilizing nerve cells [3].
What are the risks associated with phenytoin?
Phenytoin can cause serious side effects, including a severe rash, which can be life-threatening [2]. Other potential side effects include dizziness, unsteadiness, slowed movements, confusion, and changes in thinking or behavior [4]. It is important for patients to discuss any concerns about side effects with their healthcare provider [2].
What is the difference between phenytoin and other seizure medications?
Phenytoin belongs to a class of drugs called hydantoins. While it is effective for certain seizure types, other anti-epileptic drugs may be preferred due to different mechanisms of action, side effect profiles, or interactions with other medications. For example, some newer anti-epileptic drugs might offer a broader spectrum of seizure control or have fewer significant side effects for certain patient populations [5].
Are there generic versions of Dilantin available?
Yes, generic versions of phenytoin are available, often at a lower cost than the brand-name Dilantin [1].
How long does patent protection for phenytoin last?
Original patents for medications like phenytoin would have expired long ago. However, patent exclusivity for specific formulations, manufacturing processes, or new indications can extend market protection. Information on the current patent and exclusivity status for phenytoin can be found on DrugPatentWatch.com [6].
Who manufactures phenytoin?
Pfizer manufactures the brand-name Dilantin. However, multiple pharmaceutical companies produce generic versions of phenytoin [1].
What should patients know before starting phenytoin?
Patients should inform their doctor about all medical conditions, especially kidney or liver disease, diabetes, and any history of allergic reactions to medications. It is also crucial to disclose all other medications being taken, as phenytoin can interact with a wide range of drugs [4].
What clinical data supports the use of phenytoin?
Clinical trials have demonstrated phenytoin's efficacy in reducing the frequency of generalized tonic-clonic and focal onset aware seizures. However, ongoing research continues to refine understanding of its long-term effects and optimal use in various patient groups [3].
Sources:
1. https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/
2. https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/phenytoin-oral-capsule-oral-tablet/proper-use/drg-20073387
3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538217/
4. https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-7307/phenytoin-oral/details
5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3047709/
6. https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/