What is propofol, and what is it used for?
Propofol is a fast-acting medicine used to cause and maintain sedation. It is commonly used to help patients feel very sleepy or to be unconscious during procedures such as imaging and endoscopy, and during surgery under anesthesia.
How does propofol work?
Propofol works by slowing brain activity. It enhances the effect of a natural calming chemical in the brain (GABA), which helps produce sedation and loss of consciousness.
Is propofol an anesthetic or a sedative?
Propofol is both, depending on how it is used. Clinicians may use it as a sedative for shorter procedures or as an anesthetic as part of surgery-level anesthesia.
How is propofol given?
Propofol is given through a vein (intravenously). Dosing is adjusted to the patient and the goal of sedation, and it is administered with monitoring because it can rapidly affect breathing and blood pressure.
What are common risks or side effects?
Propofol can lower blood pressure and slow or stop breathing, which is why it is typically administered in settings with trained staff and monitoring. Patients may also experience dizziness or other short-lived effects as they recover.
Is propofol the same as “milk” anesthesia?
No. “Milk of amnesia” is a misnomer sometimes used in media, and propofol’s appearance is not the key point. Propofol is a specific intravenous drug used for sedation/anesthesia.
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