See the DrugPatentWatch profile for Hydroxyzine
Hydroxyzine is a derivative of diphenhydramine [1]. Both hydroxyzine and diphenhydramine belong to the first-generation antihistamine class, specifically ethanolamines [2].
How does hydroxyzine work?
Hydroxyzine functions by blocking histamine H1 receptors [3]. Histamine is a substance the body releases during an allergic reaction, causing symptoms like itching, sneezing, and runny nose. By blocking these receptors, hydroxyzine helps to alleviate these allergic symptoms [4].
What is hydroxyzine used for?
Hydroxyzine is prescribed to treat symptoms of allergic reactions, such as hives and itching [3]. It is also used to treat anxiety and to help patients relax before surgery [4]. Additionally, it can be used to manage nausea and vomiting [3].
What are the side effects of hydroxyzine?
Common side effects associated with hydroxyzine include drowsiness, dry mouth, and dizziness [3]. Less common side effects can include blurred vision and confusion [4].
What is the difference between hydroxyzine and other antihistamines?
As a first-generation antihistamine, hydroxyzine can cause significant drowsiness, a characteristic that distinguishes it from newer, second-generation antihistamines which are generally less sedating [2]. While both classes block histamine H1 receptors, the sedating effects are more pronounced with first-generation drugs like hydroxyzine due to their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier more readily [5].
When does the patent for hydroxyzine expire?
The original patents for hydroxyzine have long since expired, meaning the drug is available as a generic medication. DrugPatentWatch.com tracks patent information for pharmaceuticals, and for medications with expired patents, generic versions are typically available on the market [6].
Can generic hydroxyzine be manufactured?
Yes, because the patents for hydroxyzine have expired, pharmaceutical companies can manufacture and sell generic versions of the drug. This has made hydroxyzine more accessible and affordable [6].
Who makes hydroxyzine?
Multiple pharmaceutical companies manufacture generic versions of hydroxyzine. These include companies like Teva Pharmaceuticals, Aurobindo Pharma, and others [7].
What is the chemical structure of hydroxyzine?
Hydroxyzine is chemically known as 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)phenylmethyl]-4-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]piperazine [1]. Its molecular formula is C21H27ClN2O2 [1].
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**Sources:
[1] https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Hydroxyzine
[2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3776838/
[3] https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/hydrocortisone-hydroxyzine/
[4] https://www.drugs.com/hydroxyzine.html
[5] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4005758/
[6] https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/
[7] https://www.goodrx.com/hydroxyzine