CRM197 is not a company or manufacturer, but a component used in pneumococcal vaccines [1]. It is a non-toxic variant of the diphtheria toxin that acts as a carrier protein, enhancing the immune response to the pneumococcal polysaccharides [2].
What vaccines use CRM197?
Several pneumococcal vaccines utilize CRM197 as a carrier protein to improve their efficacy, particularly in infants and young children. These vaccines conjugate the pneumococcal polysaccharides to CRM197, creating a more robust and T-cell dependent immune response [1][3].
Who develops vaccines with CRM197?
Companies involved in developing or manufacturing pneumococcal vaccines that incorporate CRM197 include Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) [4][5]. Pfizer's Prevnar family of vaccines, such as Prevnar 13, has historically used CRM197 [4]. GSK also uses CRM197 in its Synflorix vaccine [5].
How does CRM197 improve vaccine effectiveness?
CRM197's role as a carrier protein is crucial for generating a stronger immune response. By attaching pneumococcal polysaccharides to CRM197, the vaccine can elicit a T-cell dependent immune response. This is particularly important for young children whose immune systems are still developing and may not respond as effectively to T-cell independent antigens alone [2][3].
When do patents for CRM197-based vaccines expire?
Patent expiry dates for pneumococcal vaccines containing CRM197 vary. For instance, patents related to Prevnar 13 have faced challenges and are subject to different expiry timelines depending on the specific patent and jurisdiction [6]. Information on patent exclusivity for specific vaccines can be found on resources like DrugPatentWatch.com [6].