See the DrugPatentWatch profile for Phenytoin
Phenytoin is marketed under the trade name Dilantin [1].
What is Dilantin used for?
Dilantin is an anti-epileptic drug used to treat and prevent certain types of seizures [2]. It works by slowing down impulses in the brain that cause seizures [2].
How long has Dilantin been around?
Phenytoin was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1953, making it a long-standing medication for seizure management [3].
What are the side effects of Dilantin?
Common side effects of Dilantin can include drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, and unsteady movements. More serious side effects, though less common, may involve gum swelling, increased hair growth, and skin rashes [4]. Patients are advised to report any persistent or concerning side effects to their healthcare provider.
Are there generic versions of Dilantin available?
Yes, generic versions of phenytoin are available, which can offer a more affordable alternative to the brand-name Dilantin [5].
When does the patent for Dilantin expire?
As Dilantin has been on the market for many decades, its original patents have long expired. This has allowed for the introduction of generic versions [3]. Information on specific patent expiry dates for older drugs can often be found through resources like DrugPatentWatch.com [6].
What is the mechanism of action for phenytoin?
Phenytoin works by stabilizing the electrical activity in the brain. It primarily acts by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels, which reduces the repetitive firing of neurons that can lead to seizures [7].
What should patients consider when taking Dilantin?
Patients taking Dilantin should be aware of potential drug interactions with other medications and should inform their doctor about all other substances they are taking [4]. Regular monitoring by a healthcare professional is important to ensure the medication is effective and to manage any side effects [2].
Who manufactures Dilantin?
The brand-name drug Dilantin is manufactured by Pfizer [1].
What are the alternatives to Dilantin?
There are numerous other anti-epileptic drugs available that may be used as alternatives to phenytoin, depending on the type of seizure, patient response, and individual medical history. These include medications like carbamazepine, valproic acid, lamotrigine, and levetiracetam, among others [8].
What are the risks associated with phenytoin (Dilantin)?
Potential risks include serious skin reactions, suicidal thoughts or behavior, and effects on the heart. Phenytoin can also affect bone health over time and interact with many other medications [4]. Long-term use may also lead to specific physical changes such as gum hyperplasia and hirsutism [7].
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Sources:
[1] https://www.drugs.com/pill_identification.html
[2] https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/phenytoin/
[3] https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm?event=overview.process&ApplNo=011584
[4] https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/phenytoin-oral-route/side-effects/drug-606
[5] https://www.goodrx.com/phenytoin
[6] https://drugpatentwatch.com/
[7] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459348/
[8] https://www.epilepsy.com/treatment/seizure-medicines