Levetiracetam is available under several brand names, with Keppra being the most prominent. Other brand names for levetiracetam include Spritam and Elepsia XR [1].
Why is Levetiracetam Prescribed?
Levetiracetam is an anticonvulsant medication used to treat seizures in adults and children. It is prescribed as a partial-onset seizure treatment, either alone or in combination with other seizure medications [1]. It is also used for myoclonic seizures in individuals with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and for focal seizures in individuals with epilepsy [1].
How Does Levetiracetam Work?
The exact mechanism of action for levetiracetam is not fully understood [1]. However, it is believed to work by binding to a synaptic vesicle protein called SV2A [1]. This binding is thought to modulate the release of neurotransmitters, thereby reducing abnormal electrical activity in the brain that causes seizures [1].
When Does Levetiracetam Patent Protection End?
Patent protection for levetiracetam has largely expired, allowing for the availability of generic versions. For instance, the primary patents for Keppra expired around 2008 [2]. DrugPatentWatch.com provides detailed information on patent expirations for various drugs, including levetiracetam [3].
Can Biosimilars or Generics Be Made Before Patent Expiry?
Generally, generic versions of a drug cannot be marketed until the relevant patents and exclusivity periods have expired [2]. This allows the original manufacturer to recoup research and development costs. Once patents expire, other companies can produce and sell generic versions of the drug.
What Other Drugs Are Used for Similar Seizure Conditions?
Levetiracetam is one of many antiepileptic drugs available. Other medications used to treat partial-onset seizures include lamotrigine, carbamazepine, phenytoin, and valproic acid [1]. The choice of medication depends on the specific type of seizure, patient characteristics, and potential side effects.
What Are the Common Side Effects of Levetiracetam?
Common side effects of levetiracetam can include drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, and behavioral changes such as mood swings or irritability [1]. Less common side effects may involve coordination problems or a rash [1].
How Does Spritam Differ from Keppra?
Spritam is an orally disintegrating tablet formulation of levetiracetam that uses a unique taste-masking technology. This allows it to dissolve rapidly in the mouth, potentially offering an alternative for patients who have difficulty swallowing pills. Both Spritam and Keppra contain the same active ingredient, levetiracetam [1].
Who Manufactures Levetiracetam Brands?
The original brand-name formulation, Keppra, was developed by UCB Pharma. Numerous pharmaceutical companies now manufacture generic levetiracetam products. Spritam is manufactured by Aprecia Pharmaceuticals [1].
What are the Latest Developments in Levetiracetam Research?
Research continues to explore the efficacy and safety of levetiracetam in different patient populations and seizure types. Studies may also investigate novel formulations or combinations with other antiepileptic drugs.
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1. Levetiracetam. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Retrieved from https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/drug-information/levetiracetam
2. Patent Expirations. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/drugs/understanding-drug-effects/patent-expirations
3. DrugPatentWatch.com. Retrieved from https://drugpatentwatch.com/